【2010高考一轮牛津必修2】 Unit Three Amazing people 词汇突破

curious  adj. 好奇的，求知欲强的           
He was bright and curious about the world outside his hometown. （Page 42, Lines 5-6）
他天资聪颖，对家乡外部的世界充满了好奇。
1) be curious about   对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 很想要做……，渴望做……
2) It is curious that… 奇怪的是……
3) curiously  adv. 好奇地，奇异地，奇怪地。
4) curiosity n. 好奇心  out of curiosity  出于好奇。
例  The boy was curious about everything he saw.
那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。
I'm curious to know what he said.
我很想知道他说了些什么。
It's curious that he didn't tell you.
奇怪他没有告诉你。
He did that out of curiosity.
他出于好奇才那样做的。
【走近高考】
If you are curious        American cities, just read the book written by Dr. Johnson.
A. to  B. about  C. with D. of
My answer didn’t           at all.
A. satisfy his curious B. satisfy his curiously 
C. satisfy his curiosity D. meet his curious
答案：1. B  2. C
preserve vt. 保护，保持，维持 n. 蜜饯；果酱；保护区
Inside the tombs, he found jewels, gold and the preserved bodies of dead kings. (Page 42, Lines 9-10)
在这些陵墓中，他找到了各种珠宝、黄金和已故国王们经过处理的遗体。
1）preserve eggs in salt 腌蛋
preserve forests 保护森林
preserve order 维护秩序
be well preserved 保养得好，保护得好
preserve.., from…保护……免于……
2) preserver  n. 保护人；维护者
preservation  n. 保护；维护；保存
Mother used to make peach preserves.
妈妈过去常做桃子蜜饯。
No hunting is allowed in the preserve.
保护区内禁止打猎。
We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural resources.
我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。
【走近高考】
In spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may preserve the majority         extinction.
A. of  B. with C. beyond  D. from
答案：D
present   adj. 在场的，出席的；目前的 n.礼物，赠品vt. 赠送，给予；提出，呈递              
Then, a few months after Carter had opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon, who was also present when the tomb was opened, fell in with a fever and died in Egypt. (Page, 43, Lines 25-28)
接着，在卡特打开陵墓数月后，当时也在掘墓现场的卡那封勋爵突然生病，发高烧，最后死于埃及。
1) present sb. to sb. else             向……引见……
present sth. to sb.= present sb. with.   赠送给某人某物
2) at the present time = at present      现在，目前
  for the present = for the time being   暂时
3) be present at…                  出席……
4) presentation  n. 陈述，表达，呈现；（戏剧等）上演，演出；介绍；授予；提出，呈递等
5) presence  n. 在场；出席；存在
  in the presence of sb. = in one’s presence
当着某人的面，在某人面前
  in the presence of sth.  存在……的情况下
例 The presentation of prizes will begin at three o'clock.
颁奖仪式将在三点开始。
He presented her with a bunch of flowers.
他献给她一束花。
We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.
我们从过去中学习，体验现在，展望未来的成功。
How many people were present at the meeting?
有多少人出席会议？
Your presence is requested.  敬请光临。
He gets nervous in the presence of famous people.
他在名人面前变得局促不安。
【走近高考】
Everyone        at the meeting will be         with a        .
A. present; present; present 
B. presenting; presented; present
C. present; presented; present
D. presented; presented; present
答案：C
disturb  vt. 打扰，扰乱；使（某人）烦恼或不安                 
When a tomb is opened, fresh air disturbed the viruses. (Page 43, Lines 42-43)
一旦打开陵墓，外界的新鲜空气就搅动了这些病毒。
1) disturb sb./sth.打扰某人/弄乱某物
be disturbed by…被……打断
   2) disturbing  令人不安的，令人烦恼的
   3) disturbed 烦恼的，心神不安的；心理不正常的等
4) disturb the peace（法律）扰乱治安 （尤指深夜）
   5) do not disturb 请勿打扰 （尤指挂在旅馆或办公室门上的牌子）
例 He disconnected the phone so as not to be disturbed.
他为了不受打扰，把电话线路关掉了。
I'm sorry to disturb you so early.
对不起，我这么早打扰你。
They were charged with disturbing the public peace.
他们被指控扰乱公共治安。
Don't disturb the paper on my desk.
别乱动我桌上的文件。
【走近高考】
However, at times the balance of nature is       ,  resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A. troubled   B. disturbed 
C. interrupted  D. puzzled
答案：B
certain  adj. 确定的，肯定的；确信的，无疑的
pron.某些        
What is certain, though, is that the mystery of Tutankhamun’s tomb has never been fully explained. (Page 43, Lines 46-47)
但是，有一点可以肯定，图坦卡蒙国王陵墓之迷至今还没人能够完成破解。
1) It is certain that… ……是肯定无疑的，确定的
  be certain to do sth. 肯定做某事，一定做某事
  be certain of/ about (doing ) sth. 对……确定无疑
  know/say for certain 肯定地，确凿的
  make certain of/ that… 确保
2) certainly 一定，必定；当然，当然可以
3) certain  pron. 某些，一些
例 It's certain that every effect must have a cause.
无疑，每个结果必定有其原因。
You'd better leave now if you want to make certain of getting there on time.
你要想准时到达那里就最好马上走.
I can't say for certain when he will arrive.
我说不准他什么时候会来。
For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.
因为某种原因，我不能出席这次会议。
He is certain to come.   他一定会来的。
We are certain of success.  我们确信会成功。
注意：区别 1．certain和 sure
1）一般情况下二者可以互换，尤其是在否定句中。
2）表示“既成事实”时用certain；若表示强烈的“愿望或信念”用sure。
3）在 It is certain that 句型中不能用sure。
4）certain可用作定语，表示“某一”，而sure不能。
2．some和 certain
二者都可以表示“某个”或 “某些”，但有所区别：
1）some表示“某个”时，用于不知道的人或物。
2）certain表示“某个”时，其前必须加冠词 “a”或用复数名词，多用于知之不祥或知而不说的场合，有些含有轻视意味。
There is some (a certain) man at the office who wants to speak to you. 办公室有人要和你讲话。
There was a certain coldness in his manner.
他的态度有些冷淡。
He is certain/sure to do well in the examination.
他这次考试一定能考好。
【走近高考】
Do you       that the enjoys living here and he will bring us good?
A. doubt   B. make certain
C. make sense  D. feel like
答案：B

pay off  成功，带来好结果；还清(债务)；付清工资加以解雇等
All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off. (Page 45, the first para.)
这些年来作为探险者的训练终于有了好的结果。
注意： 与pay有关的短语
pay back         偿还（借款）；还（某人）的钱
pay sb. back for sth. 因某事而报复/惩罚某人
pay out           花费，支付（尤指巨款）
pay… for sth.      为……付款，花钱
pay for sth.        为某事付出代价/遭受惩罚
例 It took them three years to pay off the debt.
他们三年才还清欠债。
Let me pay for dinner.
我来支付晚餐费用吧。
She knew how to pay them back for the trouble they had caused.
他们惹出了那些麻烦，她知道怎样报复他们。
We’ve paid out thousands of pounds in health insurance over the years.
这些年来我们已经在健康保险方面花费了好几千英镑。
【走近高考】
Has he ever       you       that ＄100 he owes you?
A. paid; back  B. paid; out
C. paid; for   D. pay off
答案： A
compare  vi.＆ vt. 比较，对比 n. 对比
However, nothing can compare with what I found today.
(Page 45, the third para)
然而，什么也不能和我今天发现的相比。
1) compare sth and/ with/to sth.把……和……相比较
compare sth. to sth. 把……比作…… 
2) comparison  n. 比较，对比
  by comparison （尤其于句首）比较起来，较之
  by/in comparison (with) （与……）相比较
3) beyond/without compare 无与伦比
4) compare favourably with似优于； 不亚于
5) compare and contrast 比较异同
例 A teacher's work is often compared to a candle.
教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。
I compared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference.
我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。
In comparison with other students, Mike is more diligent.
和其他学生相比, 麦克更加勤勉一些。
We can only tell the good from the bad by comparison
我们只有通过比较才能鉴别好坏。
注意：compared with/to作状语时，可以互换。
Compared with/to him, I am a bungler.
与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。
【走近高考】
1. When        difficult culture, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006年•浙江)
A. compared  B. being compared
C. comparing  D. having compared
2. Mr. Cui Yongyuan said, “         with those the Red Army faced with on the Long March, this hardship I experienced now is nothing.
A. Compared  B. Comparing
C. To compare  D. Being compared
答案：1. C  2. A
a great deal of  大量，许多
Its makers spent a great deal of money building the ship. (Page 50, the second para.)
造船者花了大量的钱建造这艘船。
注意：表示“大量，许多”的短语很多，要注意他们所接的名词以及和谓语的搭配。
1．more than one/ many a +可数名词单数，谓语动词也用单数但表示复数意义。
2． many; a great/good many; a great/large/small number of; scores of; dozens of; thousands of等+可数名词复数， 谓语动词用复数，表示复数意义。
3． much; a great deal of; a great/large/ small amount of +不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
4． a lot of; lots of; plenty of; a great/ large/small quantity of; great/large quantities of +可数名词或不可数名词均可，谓语动词视情况而定，但great/large quantities of +名词，谓语动词只能用复数形式。
例 A great deal of money was spent on the project.
这项工程花了大量的钱。
Many a foreigner likes Chinese food.
好多外国人喜欢中国食品。
A large number of people in China are learning English now.
现在有许多中国人在学英语。
A large quantity of apples were sent to the area which was flooded.
大批苹果被送往洪水淹没的地区。
Great quantities of earth were washed away.
大量的土壤被冲走。
【走近高考】
1. We always keep         spare paper, in case we ran out.
(2006年•浙江)
A. too much   B. a number of
C. plenty of    D. a good many
2. The boy spent        time in playing games, which made his parents and teacher angry.
A. a great many   B. a great deal of
C. a large number of  D. the number of
答案：1. C  2. B
prove vt.& link-v 证明，证实，证明是，结果是
He took all kinds of tests to prove that he was qualified for this important task. (Page 58,  the fourth para.)
他接受了各种测试，证明他是从事此项重任的合格人选。
1)        + n./pron..
prove   + n. (pron.) +(to be) + adj./n.     证明……
+ (that)…

2)              +n.
 prove (link-v.)   + adj.               证明是……
               + (to be ) + adj./n/
3) provable adj. 可证明的
4) proof  n.  证明；证据
He proved a competent manager.
他证明是一个能干的经理。
My advice proved (to be) wrong.
我的意见证明是错的。
The lawyer proved the innocence of his client.
律师证实了他的当事人的清白。
I'll prove to the world that he was right.
我将向世人证明他是对的。
In proof of this theory, I shall make certain studies.
为了证明这一理论,我将进行某些研究。
【走近高考】
As time goes on, the theory that the earth goes round the sun        to be correct.
A. proved   B. proving 
C. has proved  D. has been proved
答案：C
manage vi. 设法，努力，争取 vt. 经营，管理，支配；处理等
The people of China can be proud of Yang Liwei and young people all over the world can look up to him as an example of a man who managed to live his dream.
(Page 58,  the last para.)
中国人值得为杨利伟骄傲，全世界的年轻人值得将他视为努力实现梦想的榜样。
1) manage a business/ school 经营企业/管理学校
2) manage to do sth. 设法做成……；
3) management n. 经营，管理，安排
4) manager  n.  经理
注意：1．manage除了上面那些常见的意义之外，还可表示“做成”；“竟然搞得，竟做出”；“勉强做成”；“设法吃完，设法喝完”等。
I don’t know how you manage.
我不知道你是怎么做成的。
How do you manage it. You’ve only been home five minutes and already the place is a mess.
你是怎么搞的，到家才5分钟，整个家就乱着一团了。
Mike managed to upset mother yet again today.
今天迈克竟然又惹怒了他的母亲。
He could only manage a weak smile.
他只能勉强微微一笑。
I’m sure you could manage another piece of pie.
我相信你可以再吃一块馅饼。
2．区别 manage to do sth. 和try to do sth. 
manage to sth. 表示设法做成某事
try to do sth. 设法/努力做某事，但不一定成功
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。
He managed to get the work done with little help.
他在没有什么帮助的情况下，设法完成了工作。
【走近高考】
He        the passport and realized his dream of learning abroad.
A. tried to get   B. tried getting
C. managed to get  D. managed getting
答案： C